Auxiliary verb

Auxiliary Verbs are the verbs be, do, have, will when they are followed by another verb (the full verb) in order to form a question, a negative sentence, a compound tense or the passive.

The verb "be"

The verb be can be used as an auxiliary and a full verb. As an auxiliary we use this verb for compound tenses and the passive voice. Note that be is an irregular verb:

Simple Present:

I am, he/she/it is, we/you/they are

Simple Past:

I/he/she/it was, we/you/they were

Past Participle:

been

You can tell that in the following sentences be is an auxiliary because it is followed by another verb (the full verb). (For progressive forms use the "-ing" form of the full verb; for passive voice, use the past participle of the full verb.)

Progressive Forms

Present Progressive:

He is playing football.

Past Progressive:

He was playing football.

Present Perfect Progressive:

He has been playing football.

Past Perfect Progressive:

He had been playing football.

Passive

Simple Present/Past:

The house is/was built.

Present/Past Perfect:

The house has/had been built.

Future I:

The house will be built.

"be" as a full verb

The verb be can also be a full verb. In this case, it's not followed by another verb. If be is used as a full verb, we do not need an auxiliary in negative sentences or questions.

positive sentence:

They are fifteen years old.

negative sentence:

They are not fifteen years old.

question:

Are they fifteen years old?

The verb "have"

The verb have, too, can be used both as an auxiliary and as a full verb. As an auxiliary we use this verb to form compound tenses in active and passive voice. (Use the past participle of the full verb.)

Compound Tenses - Active Voice

Present Perfect Simple:

He has played football.

Past Perfect Simple:

He had played football.

Present Perfect Progressive:

He has been playing football.

Past Perfect Progressive:

He had been playing football.

Compound Tenses - Passive Voice

Present/Past Perfect:

The house has/had been built.

Note that have is an irregular verb, too:

Simple Present:

I/we/you/they have, he/she/it has

Simple Past:

I/he/she/it/we/you/they had

Past Participle:

had

"have" in positive sentences
As a full verb have indicates possession. In British English, however, we usually use have got (have being the auxiliary, got the full verb).

full verb:

I have a car.

auxiliary verb:

I have got a car.

"have" in negative sentences and questions

When we use have as a full verb, we must use the auxiliary do in negative sentences and questions. If we use have got, however, we do not need another auxiliary.

have as a full verb:

I do not have a car.

Do I have a car?

have as an auxiliary verb:

I have not got a car.

Have I got a car?

The verb "will"

The verb will can only be used as an auxiliary. We use it to form the future tenses.

The auxiliary verb "will"

Future I:

He will not play football.

Future II:

He will have played football.

The verb will remains the same for all forms (no "s" for 3rd person singular). The short form for negative sentences is won't.'

Examples:

I will, he will

I will not = I won't

The verb "do"

The verb do can be both an auxiliary and a full verb. As an auxiliary we use do in negative sentences and questions for most verbs (except not for be, will, have got and modal verbs) in Simple Present and Simple

 Past. (Use the infinitive of the full verb.)

The auxiliary "do" in negative sentences

Simple Present:

He does not play football.

Simple Past:

He did not play football.

The auxiliary "do" in questions

Simple Present:

Does he play football?

Simple Past:

Did he play football?

The verb do is irregular:

Simple Present:

I/we/you/they do, he/she/it does

Simple Past:

I/he/she/it/we/you/they did

The full verb "do"

As a full verb we use do in certain expressions. If we want to form negative sentences or questions using do as a full verb, we need another do as an auxiliary.

positive sentence:

She does her homework every day.

negative sentence:

She doesn't do her homework every day.

question:

Does she do her homework every day?

Sentences without the auxiliary "do"

In the following cases, the auxiliary do is not used in negative sentences/questions:

the full verb is "be"

Example:

I am not angry. / Are you okay?

the sentence already contains another auxiliary (e.g. have, be, will)

Example:

They are not sleeping. / Have you heard that?

the sentence contains a modal verb (can, may, must, need, ought to, shall, should)

Example:

We need not wait. / Can you repeat that, please?

the question asks for the subject of the sentence

Example:

Who sings that song?

Youtube of Auxiliary verb

Exercises

 Exercise 1

 Exercise 2

 Exercise 3

 Exercise 4

Resouce

http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/auxiliary-verbs

http://www.english-the-easy-way.com/English_ESL/Auxiliary_Verbs.htm

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gwSvHIbn7CU

http://www.clipproject.info/Clipart_Fussball_Seite_1.html

Wh- Questions allow a speaker to find out more information about topics. They are as follows:

When? Where? Who? Why? How? What?

Time Place Person Reason Manner Object/Idea/Action

Other words can also be used to inquire about specific information:

Which (one)? Whose? Whom? How much? How many? How long? How often? How far? What kind (of)?

Choice of alternatives Possession Person (objective formal) Price, amount (non-count) Quantity (count) Duration Frequency Distance Description

The "grammar" used with wh- questions depends on whether the topic being asked about is the "subject" or "predicate" of a sentence. For the subject pattern, simply replace the person or thing being asked about with the appropriate wh-word. 

To make a question using the predicate pattern, first form a yes/no question by inverting the subject and (first) auxiliary verb. Then, add the appropriate wh- word to the beginning of the sentence.
(You will leave some time.)	? will you leave When will you leave?
(He is doing something.)	? is he doing What is he doing?
(They have been somewhere.)	? have they been Where have they been?
If there is no auxiliary and the verb is not "be," add do to the beginning of the sentence. Then add the appropriate wh-question word. Be sure to "transfer" the tense and number from the main verb to the word do.
(You want something.)	? do you want What do you want?
(You went somewhere.)	? did you go (past tense) Where did you go?
(She likes something.)	? does she like (third person -s) What does she like?

In English there are seven ‘Wh…’ questions.  Here’s what they are and how  they are used: What is used for a thing.
‘What is it?’
Who is used for a person. Whose has the same meaning but it is always followed by a noun.
                                       
  ‘Who were you talking to?’
‘Whose car is that?’
Why is used for a reason. ‘Why were you late?’
When is used for a time or date ‘When did you start working here?’
Which is used for a choice. ‘Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?’
Where is used for a place. ‘Where do you live?’
How is used for an amount or the way. ‘How much does it cost?’ ‘How do I get to the station?
(Someone has my baseball.) (Something is bothering you.)

Who has my baseball? What is bothering you?

Exercise Wh- Question Complete each sentence using who, whom,whose,where,which,how,how many

1.A:_____are you going?

   B:I am going to the Railway station.

2.A:_____do you go to the Lumpini?

   B:I go to the Lumpini in 3 day.

3.A:_____goes to the train station?

   B:Mr.Prayoon goes to the train station.
4.A:_____tickets does the servant buy?
   B: the servant buys two tickets.
5.A:_____does he want to seats?
   B:He want two seats because he is very fat.
6.A:_____does she call?
   B:she call her servant.
7.A:_____has he been for 3 day?
   B:He has been  to the upcountry for 3 day.
8.A:_____are you doing there?
   B:I am doing my work.
9.A:_____ you do prefer, milk or coffee?
   B:Milk.
10.A:_____are we going this evening?
   B:We are going to cinema tonight.

Key for exercise Tag Question
http://learn.chanpradit.ac.th/venus/room46/group2/page4.html

References
http://learn.chanpradit.ac.th/venus/room46/group2/page3.html
http://free-english-study.com/grammar/wh--questions.html
http://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/how-use-wh-questions

There is / There are

There is/There are is a common phrase in English, used to indicate that something exists?  or is in a certain location. The main subject follows the verb when there is/are is used.

For example:   There is an apple on the table.

                        There are some apples on the table.

Note that we often use there is and there are with a/an, some and any. A/an go with singular, countable nouns. Some and any go with uncountable and plural nouns. (See more about countable and uncountable nouns). A/an and some are used in the affirmative. Any is used with questions and negative statements:

		There is a book on the table.
		There is an ant on your leg.
		There is some tea in the pot.
		There are some tools in the second drawer.
		There isn't any water in the bottle.
		There aren't any eggs in the fridge.
		Is there any coffee left?
		Are there any tickets for the show?

We can use there in this way with all tenses: 

            There was a small boy standing next to the pond.

            There have been many attempts to climb the mountain.

            There will be many refugees if the war begins.

Contractions are possible, but they are mostly used informally in speech.

                         

           There's a fly in my soup.

           There're plenty of oranges left.

           There'll be a lot of people in attendance.

Note that in informal speech, we often use there is with plural nouns:

There's some people coming in the front gate.

There's some biscuits in the tin in the pantry.

****

     1.  Use there IS for singular nouns (one item). There is a spider on the wall.

     2. Use there IS for non-count items(group nouns ). There is milk on the floor.

     3. Use there ARE for many items (plural nouns). There are pencils on my desk

 

There is/are Exercise at Auto-English

Use the correct form of there is/are to fill the gaps. Be careful about the negative sentences. Use your brain!

1	_______________ a lot of traffic in Valencia.
2	_______________  anywhere to park around here?
3	_______________  much sugar.
4	_______________  enough time to finish?
5	_______________  a few bananas and a few apples.
6	_______________  only one way to solve this problem.
7	_______________  anyone here who wants to volunteer?
8	_______________  many tigers left in the world.
9	_______________  a lot of information available on this issue.
10	_______________  any public buses in Los Angeles?

แหล่งเรียนรู้เพิ่มเติม

http://www.eslgold.com/grammar/there_is_are.html

http://www.britishcouncil.org/learnenglish-central-grammar-other-areas-there-is.htmhttp://perso.wanadoo.es/autoenglish/gr.there.p.htm